GeoTDR ABSTRACTS & ARCHIVES
GeoTDR Abstracts
Dalton, F. N. and M. T. van Genuchten. 1986. 
The Time Domain Reflectometry Method for Measuring Soil Water Content and Salinity. 
Geoderma, Vol. 38, pp.237-250

Dasberg, S. and F.N. Dalton. 1985. 
Time Domain Reflectometry Field Measurements of Soil Water Content and Electrical Conductivity. 
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., Vol. 49, pp. 293-297.

Panek, L. A. and W. J. Tesch. 1981. 
Monitoring Ground Movements Near Caving Stopes - Methods and Measurements. 
Bureau of Mines RI 8585, U. S. Dept of the Interior, Washington, D.C., 108p.
GeoTDR Archives
Aimone-Martin, C. T., K. I. Oravecz, and T. K. Nytra. 1994. 
TDR Calibration for Quantifying Rock Mass Deformation at the WIPP Site, Carlsbad, New Mexico. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 507-517

Al-Qadi, I. L., W. Su, S. M. Riad, R. Mostafa, and O. Hazim. 1994. 
Coaxial Fixture Development to Characterize Portland Cement Concrete. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 443-452

Alvenäs, G., and M. Stenberg. 1995. 
Problems in estimating soil water content by TDR measurements. 
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 121-123.

Anderson, A.L., D. S. Bailey. and R. J. Korinek. 1989. 
Leak Detector and Locator Utilizing Time Domain Reflectometry and Sampling Techniques. 
U. S. Patent No. 4,797,621.

Anderson, R. Y., G. S. Campbell, and J. Greene. 1994. 
A Transmission Delay Time Probe for Measurement of Water Content in Porous Substances such as Soil or Grain. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, p. 66

Andrews, J.R. 1994. 
Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.4-13

Aston, T. R. C., M. C. Bétournay, J. D. Hill, and F. Charette. 1994.
Application of TDR for Monitoring the Long Term Behaviour of Canadian Abandoned Metal Mines. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 518-527

Baker, T.H.W., J. L. Davis, H. N. Hayhoe, and G. C. Topp. 1982. 
Locating the Frozen-Unfrozen Interface in Soils Using Time Domain Reflectometry.
Can. Geotech. Jour., Vol. 19, pp. 511-517.

Baker, J. M. and R.J. Luscano. 1989. 
The Spatial Sensitivity of Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Soil Science, Vol 14, No. 5, pp. 378-384.

Baker, J. M. and R. R. Allmaras. 1990. 
System for Automating and Multiplexing Soil Moisture Measurement by Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 1-6.

Baran, E. 1994. 
Use of Time Domain Reflectometry for Monitoring Moisture Changes in Crushed Rock Pavements. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental,
Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept 7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.
349-3

Benson, C. H., P. J. Bosscher, D. T. Lang, and R. J. Pliska. 1994. 
Monitoring System for Hydrolgic Evaluation of Landfill Covers. 
Geotechnical Testing Journal, GTJODJ, Vol. 17, No. 2, June, pp. 138-149.

Bohl, H. and K. Roth. 1994. 
Evaluation of Dielectric Mixing Models to Describe the Water Content vs Dielectric Number Relation. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 309-319

Boiarski, A. A. 1993. 
Distributed Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing. 
Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors in Engineering Mechanics, F. Ansari, ed., ASCE, New York, pp. 210-224.

Brutcher, D. F., B. B. Mehnert, D. J. Van Roosendaal, and R. A. Bauer. 1990. 
Rock Strength and Overburden Changes Due to Subsidence Over a Longwall Coal Mining Operation in Illinois. 
Paper in Rock Mechanics Contributions and Challenges (Proc. 31st U.S. Sym. on Rock Mech., Golden, CO), Balkema, pp.563-570.

Christiansen, C. 1995. 
Applications of TDR in Wetting Front Measurements. 
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 125-130.

Dalton, F. N. and M. T. van Genuchten. 1986. 
The Time Domain Reflectometry Method for Measuring Soil Water Content and Salinity. 
Geoderma, Vol. 38, pp.237-250

Dalton, F. N. , W. N. Herkelrath, D. S. Rawlins, and J. D. Rhoades. 1984. 
Time Domain Reflectometry: Simultaneous Measurement of Soil Water Content and Electrical Conductivity with a Single Probe. 
Science, Vol. 224, June, pp. 989-990.

Dasberg, S. and F.N. Dalton. 1985. 
Time Domain Reflectometry Field Measurements of Soil Water Content and Electrical Conductivity. 
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., Vol. 49, pp. 293-297.

Delaney, A. J. and S. A. Arcone. 1986. 
A Large-Size Coaxial Waveguide Time Domain Reflectometry Unit for Field Use. 
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. GE-22, No. 5, Sept. pp. 428-431.

Dirksen, C. and M. A. Hilhorst. 1994. 
Calibration of a New Frequency Domain Sensor for Soil Water Content and Bulk
Electrical Conductivity. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental,
Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept 7-9, U.S.
Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 143-153
(posted May 31, 1996)

Dowding, C. H. and F.-C. Huang. 1994. 
Ground Water Pressure Measurement with Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental,
Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept 7-9, U.S.
Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 247-258

Dowding, C. H. and C. E. Pierce. 1994. 
Measurement of Localized Failure Planes in Soil with Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 569-578

Dowding, C. H., M. B. Su and K. M. O'Connor. 1988. 
Principles of Time Domain Reflectometry Applied to Measurement of Rock Mass Deformation. 
Int. J. Rock Mech. and Min. Sci., v. 25, No. 5, pp. 287-297.

Dowding, C. H. and F.-C. Huang. 1994. 
Telemetric Monitoring for Early Detection of Rock Movement With Time Domain Reflectometry. 
J. Geot. Eng., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., v. 120, No. 8, pp. 1413-1427.

Dowding, C. H. and C. E. Pierce. 1994. 
Use of Time Domain Reflectometry to Detect Bridge Scour and Monitor Pier Movement. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 579-587

Dubaniewicz, T. H., K. A. Heasley, and M. D. DiMartino. 1994. 
Fiber-Optic Stress Sensor Development. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 461-471

Evett, S. R.. 1994. 
TDR-Temperature Arrays for Analysis of Field Soil Thermal Properties. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental,
Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept 7-9, U.S.
Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.320-327
(posted June 1, 1996)

Ferré, P. A., D. L. Rudolph, and R. G. Kachanoski. 1994. 
A Multilevel Waveguide for Profiling Water Content Using Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.81-92

Francke, J. L., L. J. Terrill, and C. T. Francke. 1994. 
Time Domain Reflectometry Study at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 555-568

Gupte, S. M., D. E. Radcliffe, and K. A. McVay. 1994.
Field-Scale Dispersivity Determined by Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 227-234

Halbertsma, J., E. van den Elsen, H. Bohl, and W. Skierucha. 1995. 
Temperature effects on TDR determined soil water content. 
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 35-37.

Hasenfus, G. J. , K. L. Johnson, and D. W. H. Su. 1988. 
A Hydrogeomechanical Study of Overburden Aquifer Response to Longwall Mining. 
Proceedings, 7th Int. Conf. on Ground Control in Mining, Morgantown, August, pp. 149-162.

Heimovaara, T. J., and W. Bouten. 1990. 
A Computer-Controlled 36-Channel Time Domain Reflectometry System for Monitoring Soil Water Contents. 
Water Resources Research, Vol. 26, No. 10, October, pp. 2311-2316.

Heimovaara, T., and de Jonge, H. 1995. 
Frequency Domain Aspects of Time Domain Reflectometry: Obtaining dielectric
model parameters by inverse modelling of TDR waveforms. 
Paper in the Proceeedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry
Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) 
SP Report No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 83-92.
(posted May 30, 1996)

Herkelrath, W. N., S. P. Hamburg, and F. Murphy. 1991. 
Automatic, Real-Time Monitoring of Soil Moisture in a Remote Field Area with Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Water Resources Research, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 857-864.

Hewlett Packard (Palo Alto, CA). 1988. 
TDR Fundamentals for Use with HP 54120T Digitizing Oscilloscope and TDR.
Application Note 62, April, 57p.

Hokett, S. L., J. B. Chapman, and C. E. Russell. 1992. 
Potential Use of Time Domain Reflectometry for Measuring Water Content inRock.
Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 138, pp. 89-96.

Hokett, S. L., C. E. Russell, and D. R. Gillespie. 1994. 
Water Level Detection During Drilling Using Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental,
Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept 7-9, U.S.
Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.259-269
(posted June 4, 1996)

Hook, W. R., N. J. Livingston, Z. L. Sun, and P. B. Hook. 1992. 
Remote Diode Shorting Improves Measurement of Soil Water by Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Soil Science Soc. Am. Jour., Vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 1384-1391.

Huston, D.R., P.L. Fuhr, and J.-G. Beliveau. 1992. 
Bridge Monitoring with Fiber Optic Sensors. 
Proc. 8th U.S.-Japan Bridge Eng. Conf., Chicago, May, 14p

Huston, D. R., P. L. Fuhr, and T. P. Ambrose. 1994. 
Damage Detection in Structures using OTDR and Intensity Measurements.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 484-493

Jacobsen, O. H. and P. Schjønning. 1995. 
Comparison of TDR Calibration Functions for Soil Water Determination. 
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 25-33.

Janoo, V., R. L. Berg, E. Simonsen, and A. Harrison. 1994. 
Seasonal Changes in Moisture Content in Airport and Highway Pavements.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 357-363

Kachanoski, R. G. and A. L. Ward. 1994. 
Measurement of Subsurface Chemical Transport Using Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.171-182

Kane, W. F. and T. J. Beck. 1996. 
Rapid Slope Monitoring. 
Civil Engineering, Vol. 66, No. 6, June, pp. 56-5

Kawamura, N., R. A. Bauer, B. B. Mehnert, and D. J. Van Roosendaal. 1994. 
TDR Cables, Inclinometers and Extensometers to Monitor Coal Mine Subsidence in Illinois. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 528-539

Kersey, A. D. 1994. 
Monitoring Structural Performance with Optical TDR Techniques. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 434-442

Knight, J. H., I. White, and S. J. Zegelin. 1994. 
Sampling Volume of TDR Probes for Water Content Monitoring. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental,
Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept 7-9, U.S.
Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 93-104
(posted June 3, 1996)

Knowlton, R., J. Onsurez, S. Bayliss, and W. Strong. 1994. 
Environmental Applications of TDR at Sandia National Labs. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 183-192

Kotdawala, S. J., M. Hossain, and A. J. Gisi. 1994. 
Monitoring of Moisture Changes in Pavement Subgrades Using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.364-373

Koos, T., and D. Rolston. 1995. 
Evaluating TDR for Estimating Solute Travel Time and Surface Flux in Field Soils.
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 93-94.

Logsdon, S. 1994. 
Calibrating TDR with Undisturbed Soil Cores for TDR Use in Monitoring Subsurface Lateral Water Flow. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 269-280

Look, B. G., I. N. Reeves, and D. J. Williams. 1994. 
Application of Time Domain Reflectometry in the Design and Construction of Road Embankments. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 410-421

Malicki, M. A., R. T. Walczak, S. Koch, and H. Flühler. 1994. 
Determining Soil Salinity from Simultaneous Readings of its Electrical Conductivity and Permittivity using TDR. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 328-336

Malicki, M. A., R. Plagge, and C. H. Roth. 1994. 
Influence of Matrix on TDR Soil Moisture Readings and Its Elimination. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 105-114

Mallants, D., M. Vanclooster, J. Diels, and J. Feyen. 1995. 
Effects of Physical Nonequilibrium Conditions on Calibration and Interpretation of TDR for use in Solute Transport Studies. 
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No.11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 95-113.

May, R. G., R. O. Claus, and K. A. Murphy. 1992.
Preliminary Evaluation for Developing Smart Ropes Using Embedded Sensors. 
Paper in Proceedings of the First European Conference on Smart Structures (Glasgow, May 12-14, 1992), Inst. of Physics Publishing, Bristol, 1993,
pp.155-158.

McKeehan, D. S., R. W. Griffiths, and J. E. Halkyard. 1986. 
Marine Applications for a Continuous Fiber Optic Strain Monitoring System.
Proceedings of the Offshore Technology Conference, Paper OTC 5119, May, pp. 345-351.

McKown, T. O. and D. D. Eilers. 1994. 
Explosive-Array Performance Measurement using Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.46-55

Michie, W. C., B. Culshaw, I. McKenzie, C. Moran, N. B. Graham, P. T. Gardiner, B. Carlstrom, and E. Bergqvist. 1994. 
Distributed Measurements of Moisture Ingress and Cementitious Grout. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 453-460

Nissen, H. H., P. Grønvald, T. Olesen, and P. Møldrup. 1995. 
Measuring Radial Diffusion of Chloride in Unsaturated Soil Using Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 147-153.

Norland, M. R. 1994. 
TDR Waveform Analysis of Cd, Pb, and Zn in Coaxial Cells. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, p.235

Nyhan, J. W., T. G. Schofield, and C. E. Martin. 1994. 
Use of Time Domain Reflectometry in Hydrologic Studies of Multilayered Landfill Covers for Closure of Waste Landfills at Los Alamos, New Mexico. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.193-206

O'Connor, K. M. and T. Zimmerly. 1991. 
Application of Time Domain Reflectometry to Ground Control. 
Paper in Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining (Morgantown, June, 1991). WV Univ., pp. 115-121.

O'Connor, K. M., D.E. Peterson, and E.R. Lord. 1995. 
Development of a Highwall Monitoring System using Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proc., 35th U.S. Sym. Rock Mech. Reno, Nevada, June, pp. 79-84.

O'Connor, K. M. 1995. 
Remote Detection of Strata Movements over Abandoned Coal Mines Using Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Abandoned Mine Lands Research, Final Report, Minneapolis, MN, November, 93 p. and 2 disks.

O'Connor, K. M. and C. H. Dowding. 1991. 
Remote Monitoring of Rock Mass Deformation Using Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proceedings, 3rd Int. Sym. on Field Measurements, Oslo, (Balkema, Rotterdam), Sept., pp. 295-306.

O'Connor, K. M., J. A. Siekmeier, and L. R. Powell. 1996. 
Using a Computer Spreadsheet to Characterize Rock Masses Prior to Subsidence Prediction and Numerical Analysis. 
U. S. Bureau of Mines, RI 9581, Minneapolis, MN, 69p.

Panek, L. A. and W. J. Tesch. 1981. 
Monitoring Ground Movements Near Caving Stopes - Methods and Measurements. 
Bureau of Mines RI 8585, U. S. Dept of the Interior, Washington, D.C., 108p.

Pierce, C. E., C. Bilaine, F.-C. Huang, and C. H. Dowding. 1994. 
Effects of Multiple Crimps and Cable Length on Reflection Signatures from Long Cables. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 540-554

Pierce, C. E. and C. H. Dowding. 1995. 
Long-Term Monitoring of Bridge Pier Integrity with Time Domain Reflectometry Cables.
Proc. of Conference and Exposition of Sensors and Systems, Sensors Magazine, pp. 399-406.

Petersen, L. W. 1995. 
Sampling volume of TDR probes used for water content: practical investigation.
Paper in the Proceeedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain
Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994)
SP Report No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 57-62.
(posted June 3, 1996)

Rada, G. R., A. Lopez, and G. E. Elkins. 1994. 
Monitoring of Subsurface Moisture in Pavements using Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 422-433

Redman, J. D. and S. M. DeRyck. 1994. 
Monitoring Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids in the Subsurface with Multilevel Time Domain Reflectometry Probes.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.207-215

Reeves, T.L. and S.M. Elgezawi. 1992. 
Time Domain Reflectometry for Measuring Volumetric Water Content in Processed Oil Shale Waste. 
Water Resources Research, Vol. 28, No. 3, March, pp. 769-776.

Robinson, D. A., J. P. Bell, and C. H. Batchelor. 1995 
Influence of Iron and Titanium on Water Content Determination by TDR. 
Paper in the Proceeedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP
Report No. 11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 63-70.

Schoenwald, J. S., and P. M. Beckham. 1988. 
Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensor for Passive and Active Stabilization of Large Structures. 
Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 7A, pp. 565-573.

Schofield, T. G., G. J. Langhorst, G. Trujillo, K. V. Bostick, and W. R.
Hansen. 1994. Comparison of Neutron Probe and Time Domain Reflectometry Techniques of Soil Moisture Analysis. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 130-142

Siekmeier, J. A., and K. M. O'Connor. 1994. 
Explicit Modeling of Rock Mass Discontinuities and Mining Subsidence Simulation.
Proceedings of the Eighth Int. Conf. on Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics, Siriwardane & Zaman eds., Morgantown, May,
pp.1895-1900.

Smith, C. 1994. 
OTDR Technology and Optical Sensors. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 14-22

Stacheder, M.,R. Fundinger, and K. Koehler. 1994. 
A New Time Domain Reflectometry System (TRIME) to Measure Soil Moisture and Electrical Conductivity. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 56-65

Stein, J. and D. L. Kane. 1983. 
Monitoring the Unfrozen Water Content of Soil and Snow Using Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Water Resources Research, Vol. 19, No. 6, Dec., pp. 1573-1584.

Su, H., A. K. Knapp, and J. M. Briggs. 1994. 
Effects of Topography and Fire on Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Soil Moisture in a Tallgrass Prairie. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 154-162

Su, M. -B. and R.-C. Liu, Taiwan. 1994. 
Measurement of Soil Moisture using End Termination of Time Domain Reflectometry.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.163-170

Topp, G. C., M. Yanuka, W. D. Zebchuk, and S. Zegelin. 1988. 
Determination of Electrical Conductivity Using Time Domain Reflectometry: Soil and Water Experiments in Coaxial Lines. 
Water Resources Research, Vol. 24, No. 7, July, pp. 945-952.

Topp, G. C., S. J. Zegelin, and I. White. 1994. 
Monitoring Soil Water Content Using TDR: An Overview of Progress. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.67-80

Vanclooster, M., C. Gonzalez, J. Vanderborght, D. Mallants, and J. Diels. 1994. 
An Indirect Calibration Procedure for Using TDR in Solute Transport Studies.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.215-227

van den Elsen, H. G. M., C. J. Ritsema, and L. W. Dekker. 1994.
An Automatic TDR Field Setup with 98 Probes for measuring Preferential Water Flow in the Soil. 
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No. 11, June, Vol. 3, p. 139.

van der Keur, P. 1995. 
Measuring unfrozen water content in partially frozen soil using TDR technique. 
Paper in the Proceedings of the Symposium: Time-Domain Reflectometry Applications in Soil Science, (Foulum, Denmark, Sept 16, 1994) SP Report
No.11, June, Vol. 3, pp. 133-137.

van Loon, W.K.P., E. Perfect, P. H. Groenevelt, and B. D. Kay. 1991.
Application of Dispersion Theory to Time Domain Reflectometry.
Transport in Porous Media. Vol 6, pp 391-406.
(checked December 6, 1996; posted December 6, 1996)

van Loon, W. K. P., J. S. Mensink, H. P. A. Boshoven, and W. van Schelt.1994.
Time Domain Reflectometry as Moisture Monitoring Method in Granular Waste Materials. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 236-246

van Loon, W.K.P., P.E.A. Smulders, C. van den Berg, and I.A. van Haneghem. 1995.
Time-domain Reflectometry in Carbohydrate Solutions. 
Journal of Food Engineering, Vol. 26, pp. 319-328.

Verstricht, J., B. Neerdael, P. Meynendonckx, G. Volckaert. 1994. 
Clay Moisture Measurements in Radioactive Waste Disposal Research. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 337-348 

Voet, M. R. H., A. A. Bonne, V. Caufriez, and C. Lebrun. 1994. 
Fiber Optic Pore Water Pressure Field Measurements at the HADES Underground Research Facility and the "L'Eau D'Heure" Dam. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp.281-293

Wanser, K. H., M. Haselhuhn, M. Lafond, and J. Williams. 1993. 
Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors for Civil Structures Using OTDR. 
Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors in Engineering Mechanics, F. Ansari, ed., ASCE, New York, pp. 303-328.

Wanser, K. H., K. F. Voss, and A. D. Kersey. 1994. 
Multimode Fiber Bragg Gratings for Real Time Structural Monitoring Using Optical Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 472-483

White, I., S. J. Zegelin, G.C. Topp, and A. Fish. 1994. 
Effect of Bulk Electrical Conductivity on TDR Measurement of Water Content in Porous Media. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 294-308

Yong, R. N. and E. J. Hoppe. 1989. 
Application of Electric Polarization to Contaminant Detection in Soils. 
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 26, No. 4, Nov., pp. 536-550.

Zegelin, S. J. and I. White. 1994. 
Calibration of TDR for Applications in Mining, Grains, and Fruit Storage and Handling. 
Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure, and Mining Applications, Evanston, Illinois, Sept
7-9, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Special Publication SP 19-94, NTIS PB95-105789, pp. 115-129

Zegelin, S. J., I. White, and D. R. Jenkins. 1989. 
Improved Field Probes for Soil Water Content and Electrical Conductivity.
Measurement Using Time Domain Reflectometry. Water Resources Research, Vol. 25, No. 11, Nov., pp. 2367-2376.

Zimmerman, B. D., K. A. Murphy, and R. O. Claus. 1988. 
Local Strain Measurements Using Optical Fiber Splices and Time Domain Reflectometry. 
Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 7A, pp.553-558.

Zimmerman, B. D. and R. O. Claus. 1993. 
Spatially Multiplexed Optical Fiber Time Domain Sensors for Civil Engineering Applications. 
Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors in Engineering Mechanics, F. Ansari, ed., ASCE, New York, pp. 280-287.

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